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Focal health issue
|
Regional focus of studies included in the review
|
|---|
|
LMICs
|
HICs
|
LMICs and HICs
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Total
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|---|
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System-level/multiple/general
|
|
• Multiple primary health care interventions
|
14
|
1
|
0
|
15
|
|
• Health system*
|
7
|
3
|
0
|
10
|
|
• Underserved groups (e.g., Latinos in the USA)
|
0
|
7
|
0
|
7
|
|
• CHW rights/well-being
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
|
Maternal and child health
|
|
• Child/neonatal health
|
13
|
1
|
0
|
14
|
|
• Maternal and child/neonatal health
|
14
|
0
|
1
|
15
|
|
• Vaccination
|
4
|
0
|
1
|
5
|
|
• Maternal health**
|
3
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
|
• Contraception
|
3
|
0
|
0
|
3
|
|
• Breastfeeding
|
0
|
1
|
1
|
2
|
|
Disease-specific: non-communicable
|
|
• Diabetes
|
0
|
5
|
0
|
5
|
|
• Cancer
|
1
|
3
|
0
|
4
|
|
• Mental health**, #
|
4
|
2
|
0
|
6
|
|
• Other (pediatric chronic disease#, vascular disease, hypertension)
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
5
|
|
Disease-specific: infectious
|
|
• HIV#
|
6
|
0
|
4
|
10
|
|
• Malaria
|
6
|
0
|
0
|
6
|
|
• Other infection (Buruli ulcer, tuberculosis, hepatitis B and C, neglected tropical disease)
|
3
|
1
|
0
|
4
|
|
Other (adolescent health, palliative care, physical activity promotion)
|
1
|
2
|
1##
|
4
|
|
Total
|
83
|
29
|
10
|
122
|
- LMIC low- and middle-income country, HIC high-income country
- *CHW program scale up [23]; CHW program integration [38]; peer telephone calls for multiple health issues [69]; intervention design factors that influence CHW performance [15]; role of allied health assistants in the health system [70, 71]; the dimensions of lay health worker programs [13]
- **Two articles on maternal mental health are classified under maternal health [72, 73]
- #One review on pediatric chronic disease had no regional focus and included only non-communicable chronic diseases (asthma, diabetes, obesity and failure to thrive) [56]; another review was specific to childhood asthma [57]; one study on adult chronic disease in South Africa primarily dealt with HIV, so is classified under “HIV”, but we note that five of the 29 articles in that review were on mental health [74]
- ##For one review (on CHWs for palliative care) [75], no articles met the inclusion criteria but the search included LMICs and HICs
